Srikandi - Jutawan
Petro Poroshenko telah mengangkat sumpah sebagai Presiden baru Ukraine pada
satu majlis di Kiev. Beliau memenangi pilihan raya kecemasan pada pusingan
pertama pada janji perubahan kerana negara menghadapi krisis politik dan
ekonomi besar-besaran.
Poroshenko
memberikan sumpah presiden pada hari Sabtu pada majlis yang dihadiri oleh
delegasi dari 56 buah negara. Amerika Syarikat, penyokong utama kuasa-kuasa
penentang, yang menggulingkan pendahulu Poroshenko ini Viktor Yanukovich dalam
rampasan kuasa tentera Februari dan memberi laluan kepada Presiden, diwakili
oleh Naib Presiden Joe Biden.
Seorang
ahli perniagaan yang kaya dengan aset dalam industri coklat, media dan
pembinaan kapal, Poroshenko tidak asing kepada kerajaan. Beliau berkhidmat
dalam Kabinet presiden Viktor Yushchenko dan Viktor Yanukovich, mempengerusikan
bank pusat Ukraine dan berkhidmat sebagai menteri luar dan perdagangan
menterinya pada masa yang berlainan.
Poroshenko
sworn in, but can he steer Ukraine
away from abyss? . . .
Billionaire
Petro Poroshenko has been sworn in as Ukraine’s new president at a ceremony in
Kiev. He won the emergency election in the first round on a promise of change
as the country faces a massive political and economic crisis.
Poroshenko
gave his presidential oath on Saturday at an event attended by delegations from
56 countries. The US, the key supporter of the opposition forces, which ousted
Poroshenko’s predecessor Viktor Yanukovich in the February armed coup and made
way for his presidency, was represented by Vice President Joe Biden.
A
wealthy businessman with assets in the chocolate industry, media and
shipbuilding, Poroshenko is no stranger to government. He served in the
Cabinets of presidents Viktor Yushchenko and Viktor Yanukovich, chairing
Ukraine’s central bank and serving as its foreign minister and trade minister
at different times.
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Berikutan
perasmian Presiden Ukraine baru berjalan untuk menyampaikan ucapan sulungnya di
hadapan ahli-ahli parlimen Ukraine. Beliau menghadapi beberapa cabaran sukar, termasuk
slaid ke arah perang saudara, kelembapan ekonomi, krisis hutang dan
kesinambungan potensi rusuhan awam di Kiev.
Rancangan
segera presiden adalah untuk mengadakan pilihan raya parlimen awal di negara
ini dan juga di kawasan pada masa ini diselubungi oleh keganasan. Beliau
menawarkan pengampunan kepada Ukraine yang tidak bersalah melakukan jenayah
serius dan cara bebas daripada Ukraine ke Rusia untuk militia bersenjata, yang
Poroshenko digambarkan sebagai "militan Rusia."
Poroshenko
juga berkata dia mahu perjanjian antarabangsa yang baru yang akan memastikan
bahawa Ukraine dipertahankan ketenteraan oleh negara-negara asing jika
integriti wilayahnya terancam, walaupun beliau tidak mengatakan yang mana
negara-negara sanggup menawarkan perlindungan seperti itu.
Beliau
juga berkata Ukraine mesti meneruskan perjalanan visa bebas dengan Kesatuan
Eropah, walaupun ia masih belum jelas sama ada Brussels bersedia untuk
memberikan ia. Poroshenko juga berjanji untuk memenuhi janji beliau yang dibuat
semasa kempen pilihan raya beliau.
Poroshenko
berkempen di atas platform perubahan, berjanji untuk membebaskan negara ini
daripada rasuah dan penguasaan oligarki. Tetapi, beberapa Ukraine kaya kini
mentadbir wilayah-wilayah dan juga mempunyai tentera peribadi.
Dengan
semua sokongan orang ramai dia berjaya naik, dia mungkin mendapati sukar untuk
mengekang pegawai dan elit perniagaan, terutama dengan kuasa presiden
berkurangan oleh pembaharuan perlembagaan dan parlimen yang dikuasai oleh parti
saingan pahit, Geografi Tymoshenko.
Following
the inauguration the new Ukrainian president proceeded to deliver his inaugural
address in front of members of the Ukrainian parliament. He faces several tough
challenges, including a slide towards civil war, economic slowdown, debt crisis
and a potential continuation of public rioting in Kiev.
The
president’s immediate plan is to hold early parliamentary election in the
country as well as in the regions currently engulfed by violence. He offered
amnesty to Ukrainians not guilty of committing serious crimes and a free way
out of Ukraine to Russia for armed militias, whom Poroshenko described as
“Russian militants.”
Poroshenko
also said he wants a new international treaty that would ensure that Ukraine is
defended militarily by foreign nations if its territorial integrity is
threatened, although he didn’t say which countries were willing to offer such
protection. He also said Ukraine must pursue visa-free travel with the European
Union, although it is not yet clear whether Brussels is willing to grant it.
Poroshenko also promised to fulfil pledges he made during his election
campaign.
Poroshenko
campaigned on a platform of change, promising to free the country from
corruption and domination of the oligarchs. Yet some of Ukraine’s rich are now governing
its provinces and even have personal armies. With all the public support he
managed to rally, he may find it difficult to rein in officials and business
elites, especially with his presidential authority diminished by a
constitutional reform and the parliament dominated by the party of his bitter
rival, Yulia Tymoshenko.
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Terdapat
juga meragui sama ada Presiden bercadang untuk menunaikan janji kempen pilihan
raya. Beliau berjanji untuk menjual aset perniagaannya untuk memastikan
integriti peribadi, tetapi dia enggan menjual saluran TV tersebut, yang
merupakan salah seorang pengkritik yang paling lantang kerajaan Yanukovich, dan
telah membeli sebuah kilang baru sejak membuat janjinya.
Ujian
pertama kemerdekaan presiden dan keazaman mungkin akan berurusan dengan wilayah
sukar dikawal negara timur, yang diboikot pilihan raya dan mempertahankan diri
mereka terhadap tindakan keras tentera Kiev.
Setakat
ini Poroshenko telah menunjukkan sedikit niat untuk menggantikan serangan udara
dan bendungan artileri di Donetsk dan Lugansk kawasan-kawasan dengan utusan
keamanan dan perunding.
Menghentikan
pertumpahan darah adalah permintaan utama dari Rusia, yang boleh memilih untuk
berhenti menyampaikan gas ke Ukraine tanpa pra-pembayaran, Kiev telah
ketinggalan dalam membayar bil-bil untuk bulan.
Moscow
bersetuju untuk menangguhkan penutupan sehingga hari Isnin selepas Ukraine
meliputi bahagian hutangnya, tetapi ia meninggalkan Poroshenko dgn tarikh
akhir menjulang hanya hari lebih awal.
Poroshenko
berjanji untuk menandatangani bahagian ekonomi Perjanjian Persatuan EU.
Keengganan Yanukovich untuk berbuat demikian adalah mencetuskan bantahan awam
yang menggulingkan beliau.
Tetapi
pembaharuan dan kerugian menyakitkan dari memutuskan hubungan ekonomi dengan
Rusia, yang merupakan sebab untuk bergerak Yanukovich ini, masih ada, dan
peluang Poroshenko ini melembutkan pukulan adalah lebih langsing sekarang,
dengan kemelesetan menendang di dalam dan kredit dari IMF, Amerika Syarikat &
EU jauh dari terjamin.
Poroshenko
beralih ke Rusia dalam ucapan perasmian, menangani penduduk Donbass. Janji
untuk melindungi hak-hak Rusia-pembesar suara. - Leonid Ragozin (@
leonidragozin) [Poroshenko
switches to Russian in the inauguration speech, addressing Donbass residents.
Promises to protect rights of Russian-speakers - Leonid Ragozin
(@leonidragozin) June 7,
2014]
There
is also doubt over whether the president intends to deliver on his election
campaign promises. He pledged to sell his business assets to assure personal
integrity, but he refused to sell his TV channel, which was one of the most
vocal critics of the Yanukovich government, and has bought a new factory since
making his promise.
The
first test of his presidential independence and determination is likely to be
dealing with the country’s unruly eastern provinces, which boycotted the
election and are defending themselves against Kiev’s military crackdown. So far
Poroshenko has demonstrated little intention to replace air strikes and
artillery barrages in Donetsk and Lugansk regions with peace envoys and
negotiators.
Stopping
the bloodshed is the main demand from Russia, which may choose to stop
delivering gas to Ukraine without pre-payment, as Kiev has been behind in
paying its bills for months. Moscow agreed to postpone the shutdown until
Monday after Ukraine covered a portion of its debt, but it leaves Poroshenko
with a deadline looming just days ahead.
Poroshenko
pledged to sign the economic part of the EU Association Agreement. Yanukovich’s
refusal to do so was the trigger of the public protest that ousted him. But the
painful reforms and losses from severing economic ties with Russia, which were
the reason for Yanukovich’s move, are still there, and Poroshenko’s chances of
softening the blow are even slimmer now, with recession kicking in and credit
lines from the IMF, the US and the EU far from assured.
Stopping
the bloodshed is the main demand from Russia, which may choose to stop
delivering gas to Ukraine without pre-payment, as Kiev has been behind in
paying its bills for months. Moscow agreed to postpone the shutdown until
Monday after Ukraine covered a portion of its debt, but it leaves Poroshenko
with a deadline looming just days ahead.
Poroshenko
pledged to sign the economic part of the EU Association Agreement. Yanukovich’s
refusal to do so was the trigger of the public protest that ousted him. But the
painful reforms and losses from severing economic ties with Russia, which were
the reason for Yanukovich’s move, are still there, and Poroshenko’s chances of
softening the blow are even slimmer now, with recession kicking in and credit
lines from the IMF, the US and the EU far from assured.
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