U.S. President Barack Obama (Reuters/Pascal
Rossignol)
Srikandi גבורה - Pentadbiran
Obama mungkin mencari contoh di Australia sebagai White House menganggap
undang-undang senjata api potensi baru bagi Amerika Syarikat di tengah yang
terbaru dalam siri tembakan di sekolah yang dahsyat.
Presiden
Amerika Syarikat, Barack Obama dinamakan peraturan senjata di bawah Amerika di
bawah sekutu dalam ucapan yang disiarkan di web pada petang Selasa beberapa jam
sahaja selepas lelaki bersenjata yang memasuki sekolah yang tinggi berhampiran
Portland, Oregon dan melepaskan tembakan, membunuh pelajar.
"Kekecewaan
terbesar saya setakat ini adalah hakikat bahawa masyarakat ini belum bersedia
untuk mengambil beberapa langkah-langkah asas untuk menjaga senapang daripada
tangan orang - orang yang boleh melakukan kerosakan hanya sukar dipercayai.
Kami
satu-satunya negara maju di bumi di mana ini berlaku. Dan ia berlaku kini
sekali seminggu. Dan ia adalah satu kisah satu hari. Tidak ada tempat lain
seperti ini, "kata Presiden.
"Beberapa
dekad yang lalu Australia mempunyai menembak massa sama dengan Columbine atau
Newtown, dan Australia hanya berkata, 'Nah, itu sahaja. Kami tidak lakukan -
kita tidak melihat itu lagi, 'dan pada dasarnya yang dikenakan sangat teruk,
undang-undang senjata api sukar, dan sejak mereka tdk mempunyai massa menembak.
Maksud
saya, tahap keganasan senjata kami berada di luar carta. Tidak ada maju, negara
maju yang lain di bumi yang akan bersabar dengan ini, "tambah Obama.
Presiden
itu mungkin merujuk kepada mengamuk 1996 berhampiran penjara koloni Port Arthur
di tenggara Tasmania, Australia di mana Martin Bryant, 28, membunuh 35 orang
dan mencederakan 23 yang lain dalam satu jam panjang menembak pembeli.
Setelah
sokongan yang amat menggalakkan daripada penduduk Australia, 1996 National
Perjanjian Senjata Api telah diluluskan tidak lama kemudian, seterusnya
meng-haramkan panjang berlaras senapang separa automatik dan mewujudkan tem-poh
menunggu 28 hari untuk pembelian senjata api.
Kerajaan
juga memulakan program pembelian balik wajib besar-besaran yang dila-porkan
telah dipotong 2 bilangan pistol-memiliki isi rumah.
Ke
atas 95 % peratus daripada warga Australia ditinjau selepas pembunuhan
beramai-ramai Port Arthur berkata mereka menggemari undang-undang senjata api
yang lebih ketat seperti ini, dan tembakan massa telah tidak berlaku di benua
dalam hampir sejak 2 dekad.
OBAMA
Cites Australia’s gun Confiscation program
As Example for US . . .
The
Obama administration may be looking for an example in Australia as the White
House considers potential new firearm laws for the United States in the wake of
the latest in a series of devastating school shootings.
US
President Barack Obama cited gun rules in America’s down under ally during
remarks that were broadcast on the web Tuesday afternoon only hours after a
gunman entered a high school near Portland, Oregon and opened fire, killing a
student.
“My
biggest frustration so far is the fact that this society has not been willing
to take some basic steps to keep guns out of the hands of people who can do
just unbelievable damage. We’re the only developed country on earth where this
happens. And it happens now once a week. And it’s a one-day story. There’s no
place else like this,” the president said.
“A
couple of decades ago Australia had a mass shooting similar to Columbine or
Newtown, and Australia just said, ‘Well, that’s it. We’re not doing - we’re not
seeing that again,’ and basically imposed very severe, tough gun laws, and they
haven’t had a mass shooting since.
I
mean, our levels of gun violence are off the charts. There’s no other advanced,
developed country on earth that would put up with this,” Obama added.
The
president was likely referring to a 1996 rampage near the Port Arthur prison
colony in south-eastern Tasmania, Australia in which Martin Bryant, 28, killed
35 people and wounded 23 others during an hours-long shooting spree. Upon the
overwhelming support of the Australia population, the 1996 National Firearms
Agreement was passed soon after, in turn outlawing long-barreled semi-automatic
guns and establishing a 28-day wait period for firearm purchases.
The
government also began a massive mandatory buyback program that is reported to
have cut in half the number of gun-owning households.
Upwards
of 95 percent of Australians polled after the Port Arthur massacre said they
favored more stringent gun laws like these, and mass shootings have not
occurred in the continent in the nearly two decades since.
Kawan-kawan, keluarga dan
juga mengambil berat memegang lilin untuk Emilio Hoffman, mangsa menembak
sekolah hari ini dalam satu perhimpunan nyalaan pada 10 Jun 2014 di Troutdale,
Oregon (Friends, family and well-wishers hold candles for Emilio Hoffman, the
victim of today's school shooting at a vigil on June 10, 2014 in Troutdale,
Oregon (Natalie Behring/Getty Images/AFP)
"Secara
keseluruhannya, senjata api dan senjata api pembunuhan kadar bunuh diri telah
tren semakin ke bawah melalui tahun 1980-an dan awal 1990-an, tetapi kejatuhan
dipercepatkan selepas pembelian balik itu.
Menganalisis
variasi dalam jumlah senjata bertukar dalam untuk pembelian balik antara
negara, kita sekali lagi mendapati keputusan yang sama: di negeri-negeri di
mana lebih senjata api telah dibeli semula, terdapat penurunan yang lebih besar
dalam kematian senjata api, "Andrew Leigh, jurucakap perbendaharaan
Pembantu untuk Buruh Pembangkang di Australia, menulis dalam sebuah ‘op-ed’
untuk majalah Time diterbitkan lebih awal ini bulan lebih awal daripada
menembak Selasa di Troutdale, Oregon.
"Pada
dekad dan setengah sejak pistol pembelian balik Australia, bilangan senjata api
bagi setiap orang telah tinggal tetap, dan kematian senjata kekal bersyukur
rendah."
Jika
program pembelian balik dan pengenalan undang-undang baru telah dianggap di
Amerika Syarikat, yang sama menjejaskan dilihat di Australia bermakna bahawa
seramai 40 juta senjata api akan dibawa pergi.
Walau
bagaimanapun, sokongan orang ramai di negeri-negeri adalah jauh daripada apa
yang jelas dalam jawatan-Port Arthur pembunuhan beramai-ramai Australia.
Selepas
2 dozen orang dibiarkan mati pada akhir 2012 apabila menembak massa berlaku di
sebuah sekolah tinggi di Newtown, Connecticut, hanya 52 % peratus dari-pada
rakyat Amerika yang dikaji selidik oleh Washington Post dan ABC News berkata
mereka menggemari undang-undang senjata api baru yang ketat. Setahun kemudian,
mereka mahu reformasi sekali lagi dalam minoriti.
Pada
hari Selasa, White House timbalan prinsipal setiausaha akhbar Josh Earnest
memberitahu pemberita bahawa "Matlamat Presiden adalah untuk mencari
peluang untuk bertindak secara pentadbiran, secara unilateral menggunakan kuasa
eksekutif untuk cuba untuk membuat masyarakat kita lebih selamat."
Pentadbiran
mengatakan hurtles, bagaimanapun, hasil daripada telah penggubal undang2
yang mahu sedikit untuk apa-apa kaitan dengan usaha White House.
"Kami
sentiasa mencari peluang-peluang," tambah Earnest. "Tetapi tidak
seorang pun daripada peluang-peluang apabila mereka hadir diri mereka akan
menjadi pengganti yang boleh diterima untuk tindakan perundangan yang
teguh."
"Jika
pendapat awam tidak menuntut perubahan di Kongres, ia tidak akan berubah,"
Pres. Obama berkata semasa sesi soal jawab pada hari Selasa yang dihoskan oleh
laman web Tumblr itu. "Kami tidak mempunyai alat yang cukup sekarang untuk
membuat sebesar penyok seperti yang kita perlu."
"Soalan
saya rasa benar-benar menghadapi ahli parlimen sekarang adalah apa
langkah-langkah akal Demokrat dan Republikan boleh diambil untuk mengurangkan
kemungkinan keganasan senjata," tambah Earnest.
"Dan
ada yang beberapa, dan mereka malangnya telah ‘bottled up’ sehingga di Kongres
dan itu adalah kekecewaan kepada Presiden. Tetapi itu tidak akan menghalang
presiden daripada terus menolak untuk langkah-langkah pentadbiran yang boleh
kita ambil untuk membantu mengurangkan keganasan senjata."
“Overall,
the firearms homicide and firearms suicide rates had been trending steadily
downwards through the 1980s and early 1990s, but the fall accelerated after the
buyback.
Analyzing
variations in the amount of guns turned in for buyback between states, we again
found the same result: in states where more firearms were bought back, there
was a bigger drop in gun deaths,” Andrew Leigh, the assistant treasury
spokesperson for the Labor Opposition in Australia, wrote in an op-ed for Time
magazine published earlier this month - ahead of Tuesday’s shooting in
Troutdale, Oregon.
“In
the decade and a half since the Australian gun buyback, the number of firearms
per person has stayed constant, and gun deaths have remained thankfully low.”
If
a buyback program and the introduction of new laws were considered in the US,
the same affect seen in Australia would mean that as many as 40 million
firearms would be taken away.
Nevertheless,
public support in the states is far from what was evident in post-Port Arthur
massacre Australia. After two-dozen people were left dead in late 2012 when a
mass shooting occurred at a high school in Newtown, Connecticut, only 52
percent of Americans surveyed by the Washington Post and ABC News said they
favored stringent new gun laws. A year later, those wanting reform were once
again in the minority.
On
Tuesday, White House principal deputy press secretary Josh Earnest told
reporters that “The president’s goal is to look for opportunities to act
administratively, unilaterally using his executive authority to try to make our
communities safer.” The administration says hurtles, however, have been the
result of lawmakers who want little to nothing to do with the White House’s
efforts.
“We’re
always looking for those opportunities,” Earnest added. “But none of those
opportunities when they present themselves is going to be an acceptable
substitute for robust legislative action.”
“If
public opinion does not demand change in Congress, it will not change,” Pres.
Obama said during Tuesday’s question-and-answer session hosted by the website
Tumblr. “We don’t have enough tools right now to make as big a dent as we need
to.”
“The
question I think really facing lawmakers right now is what common sense steps
can Democrats and Republicans take to reduce the likelihood of gun violence,”
added Earnest.
“And
there are some, and they have unfortunately been bottled up in Congress and
that is a disappointment to the president. But that’s not going to stop the
president from continuing to push for administrative steps that we can take to
help reduce gun violence.”
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